Unit 5 Vocabulary

Part A

 

1. Slavery - involuntary servitude of African-Americans in the United States from 1619-1865.        

 

2. Election of 1860 - election where Abraham Lincoln defeated three opponents to win the presidency; upon Lincoln’s election Southern states seceded from the Union.

 

3. States’ Rights - the belief that a state’s sovereignty is more important than that of the national government.                                 

 

4. Alexander Stephens (1812-1873) - important Georgia politician who was a U.S. Senator, Georgia Governor, and Vice-President of the Confederate States of America (C.S.A.)

 

5. Nullification – the act of making legally null and void                         

 

6.Emancipation Proclamation - document that declared all slaves in the rebellious states would be freed if the South did not return to the Union by January 1, 1863.

 

7. Missouri Compromise (1820) - compromise that brought Missouri into the Union as a slave state and Maine as a free state; in addition, Congress banned slavery north of the 36˚20’ line of latitude.

 

8. Blockade - the isolating, closing off, or surrounding of a place, as a port, harbor, or city, by hostile ships or troops to prevent entrance or exit.

 

9. Compromise of 1850 - compromise between the North and South that allowed California to enter the union in exchange for the passage of the Fugitive Slave Act.        

 

10. Andersonville - infamous Civil War prisoner-of-war camp in Macon County, Georgia. Over 13,000 Union soldiers died in the camp.

 

11. Georgia Platform - position supported by several prominent Georgia politicians who supported the Compromise of 1850.                       

 

12. Dred Scott Case (1857) - Supreme Court ruling that declared slaves were not citizens of the United States.

 

13. Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854) - act that allowed the territories of Kansas and Nebraska to decide if they wanted to enter the union as free or slave states (popular sovereignty).

 

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Unit 5 Vocabulary

Part B

 

1. Freedmen’s Bureau - federal agency created in 1865 to provide aid to former slaves 

(freedmen). 

 

2. Sharecropping - farmers who agreed to work on a landowner’s property in exchange for land, 

farming equipment, and seed; sharecroppers were required to provide the land owner with a 

share of the crop.

 

3. Tenant Farming - farmers who agreed to work on a landowner’s property were required to 

provide the landowner with a share of the crop; unlike sharecroppers, tenant farmers usually 

owned their own farming equipment. 

 

4. Presidential Reconstruction - (1865-1866) - Reconstruction period where the President took 

responsibly for bringing the South back into the Union; most lenient of the Reconstruction 

plans; commonly known as 10% plan.

 

5. Congressional Reconstruction - (1866-1867) - Reconstruction period where Congress took 

responsibility for bringing the South back into the Union.

 

6. Military Reconstruction - (1867-1877) - Reconstruction period where the military took 

responsibly for bringing the South back into the Union; the South was divided into military 

districts.

 

7. 13th Amendment - (1865) - ended slavery in the United States.

 

8. 14th Amendment - (1868) - gave African-Americans United States citizenship.

 

9. 15th Amendment - (1870) - gave African-American men the right to vote. 

 

10. Henry McNeal Turner - (1834-1915) - most well-known African-American Georgia legislator 

during the Reconstruction Period.

 

11. KKK - terrorist organization created to intimidate and prevent freedmen and Republicans from 

gaining political power in the South.