1. University of Georgia - the first state sponsored public University in the United States; founded 

in 1785. 

 

2. Louisville - Georgia’s third capital from 1796-1806; Selected as capital due to westward 

movement in the state. 

 

3. Yazoo Land Fraud - an event where land companies bribed members of the Georgia General 

Assembly to sell land for pennies on the dollar.

 

4. Land Lottery - land allocation approach that gave the average Georgian a chance to buy land at 

pennies on the dollar.

 

5. Headright System - land allocation approach that provided the head of a family up to 200 acres 

of free land in the Georgia frontier. 

 

6. Cotton Gin - machine invented by Eli Whitney in 1793 that quickly removed seeds from the 

cotton fibers. 

 

7. McGillivray, Alexander (1750-1793) - Creek chief who signed the Treaty of Indian Springs. 

Additionally, Chief Alexander McGillivray signed a deal with the U.S. Government that gave 

him a commission in the U.S. army along with trading rights. 

 

8. McIntosh, William (1778-1825) - Creek chief who illegally signed the Second Treaty of Indian 

Springs; was murdered by his tribesmen for this action. 

 

9. Sequoyah (1770-1840) - George Gist, inventor of the Cherokee Syllabary.

 

10.Ross, John (1790-1866) - Principal Chief of the Cherokee Indians who tried to use legal means 

to fight against removal. 

 

11. Dahlonega Gold Rush - Site of America’s first gold rush in 1828; discovery of gold in the area 

was a factor in the Cherokee removal. 

 

12. Worcester vs. Georgia (1832) - landmark Supreme Court case which declared that the Cherokee 

were sovereign and not subject to the laws of the United States. However, Andrew Jackson 

refused to enforce the Court’s decision and the Cherokee were later removed from Georgia. 

 

13. Jackson, Andrew (1767-1845) - seventh president of the United States who was an advocate of 

Indian Removal.

 

14. Marshall, John (1755-1835) - Chief Justice of the U.S. Supreme court who ruled in favor of the 

Cherokee in the Worcester vs. Georgia case; President Andrew Jackson refused to enforce the 

Supreme Court’s ruling. 

 

15. Trail of Tears - final removal of the Cherokee Indians from Georgia in 1838; over 4,000 people 

died on the forced march from Georgia to Oklahoma.

 

16. Treaty of Indian Springs - An 1821 treaty signed by the Creek Indians and the United States that forced the Creek Nation to cede all of its lands east of the Flint River in Georgia.

 

17. Treaty of New Echota (1835) - a treaty between the U.S. Government and a minority representation of the Cherokee tribe that ceded all Cherokee land in the Southeast to the United States and allowed for their move to Indian territory (Oklahoma); three of the Cherokee signers of the treaty (Major Ridge, John Ridge, and Elias Boudinot) were killed for signing over Cherokee land for personal profit.

 

18. Treaty of New York (1790) - treaty signed by the Creek Indians and the United States government that ceded land to the United States in return for allowing Creeks to punish non-Indian trespassers on Creek land.

 

19. Indian Removal Act of 1830 - act signed into law by Andrew Jackson that required the removal of the Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Creek, and Seminole to Indian Territory.